Sorting

• Introduction to Sorting
• Basics of Asymptotic Analysis and Worst Case & Average Case Analysis
• Different Sorting Algorithms and their comparison
• Algorithm paradigms like Divide & Conquer, Decrease & Conquer, Transform & Conquer
• Presorting
• Extensions of Merge Sort, Quick Sort, Heap Sort
• Common sorting-related coding interview problems

Recursion

• Recursion as a Lazy Manager's Strategy
• Recursive Mathematical Functions
• Combinatorial Enumeration
• Backtracking
• Exhaustive Enumeration & General Template
• Common recursion- and backtracking-related coding interview problems

Trees

• Dictionaries & Sets, Hash Tables 
• Modeling data as Binary Trees and Binary Search Tree and performing different operations over them
• Tree Traversals and Constructions 
• BFS Coding Patterns
• DFS Coding Patterns
• Tree Construction from its traversals 
• Common trees-related coding interview problems

Graphs

• Overview of Graphs
• Problem definition of the 7 Bridges of Konigsberg and its connection with Graph theory
• What is a graph, and when do you model a problem as a Graph?
• How to store a Graph in memory (Adjacency Lists, Adjacency Matrices, Adjacency Maps)
• Graphs traversal: BFS and DFS, BFS Tree, DFS stack-based implementation
• A general template to solve any problems modeled as Graphs
• Graphs in Interviews
• Common graphs-related coding interview problems

Online Processing Systems

• The client-server model of Online processing
• Top-down steps for system design interview
• Depth and breadth analysis
• Cryptographic hash function
• Network Protocols, Web Server, Hash Index
• Scaling
• Performance Metrics of a Scalable System
• SLOs and SLAs
• Proxy: Reverse and Forward
• Load balancing
• CAP Theorem
• Content Distribution Networks
• Cache
• Sharding
• Consistent Hashing
• Storage
• Case Studies: URL Shortener, Instagram, Uber, Twitter, Messaging/Chat Services

Batch Processing Systems

• Inverted Index
• External Sort Merge
• K-way External Sort-Merge
• Distributed File System
• Map-reduce Framework
• Distributed Sorting
• Case Studies: Search Engine, Graph Processor, Typeahead Suggestions, Recommendation Systems

JavaScript Language and Libraries

• What to expect in a FAANG front-end coding interview: Company-specific aspects
• Challenging JS coding problems: Behavior and usage of "this" keyword. How to bind a function's scope. Arrow functions vs. binding
• Limiting the scope of variables (a commonly tested concept in interviews). Patterns for creating "private" variables
• Use built-in JavaScript data structures to solve problems in a time-constrained interview setting. Explain trade-offs between using object literals, maps, sets, and arrays
• Strategies to solve important problems involving concepts such as currying and callbacks
• Popular FAANG interview questions on writing code that runs asynchronously, with and without promises
• Frequently asked coding problems:
• Existential get() operation using string key
• Write a function that, until all N arguments are provided, returns a function for consuming more arguments (currying example)
• Memoization of an async function

UI and DOM

• A structured approach to identifying and solving complex problems that require a combination of HTML, CSS, and JS knowledge (frequently asked in Front-end interviews)
• How to handle unique UI challenges posed in FAANG interviews by setting up reusable UI components
• How to consistently position items on the page or within a relative parent (an important skill for UI Developers)
• Strategies to solve problems using modern JavaScript. Connect the code to the UI elements
• Tips to efficiently design and code UI elements like Dropdowns, Tooltip, Progress Button, etc
• Comprehensive guidelines on managing requirements of design-centric problems
• Questions on using Flexbox to quickly solve complex design challenges

Front-end System Design

• ​​Design complex/large-scale Front-end Systems like Netflix, FB home page, Infinite Scroller, Instagram, etc
• Popular FAANG interview question on designing a redux-like state management system from scratch
• Design and build reusable UI Components: How common components system work
• How to think, act and articulate like a Front-end architect and tech lead, displaying senior+ signals in System Design interviews using methodical and structured interview strategy
• Evaluate options, perform trade-offs, and analyze the business impact of modern web development frameworks:
• Essential understanding of popular UI libraries and frameworks such as React, Angular, etc
• Portability across frameworks, platforms, devices
• How to manage the state of a UI application (a demonstration of how to approach programming questions in the UI system design domain)
• Design a common components library such as Bootstrap
• Design a UI component SDK (a common theme in Front-end System Design interviews)
• Industry trends within Front-end engineering and surrounding domains (AI/ML)

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