Sorting

• Introduction to Sorting
• Basics of Asymptotic Analysis and Worst Case & Average Case Analysis
• Different Sorting Algorithms and their comparison
• Algorithm paradigms like Divide & Conquer, Decrease & Conquer, Transform & Conquer
• Presorting
• Extensions of Merge Sort, Quick Sort, Heap Sort
• Common sorting-related coding interview problems

Recursion

• Recursion as a Lazy Manager's Strategy
• Recursive Mathematical Functions
• Combinatorial Enumeration
• Backtracking
• Exhaustive Enumeration & General Template
• Common recursion- and backtracking-related coding interview problems

Trees

• Dictionaries & Sets, Hash Tables 
• Modeling data as Binary Trees and Binary Search Tree and performing different operations over them
• Tree Traversals and Constructions 
• BFS Coding Patterns
• DFS Coding Patterns
• Tree Construction from its traversals 
• Common trees-related coding interview problems

Graphs

• Overview of Graphs
• Problem definition of the 7 Bridges of Konigsberg and its connection with Graph theory
• What is a graph, and when do you model a problem as a Graph?
• How to store a Graph in memory (Adjacency Lists, Adjacency Matrices, Adjacency Maps)
• Graphs traversal: BFS and DFS, BFS Tree, DFS stack-based implementation
• A general template to solve any problems modeled as Graphs
• Graphs in Interviews
• Common graphs-related coding interview problems

Online Processing Systems

• The client-server model of Online processing
• Top-down steps for system design interview
• Depth and breadth analysis
• Cryptographic hash function
• Network Protocols, Web Server, Hash Index
• Scaling
• Performance Metrics of a Scalable System
• SLOs and SLAs
• Proxy: Reverse and Forward
• Load balancing
• CAP Theorem
• Content Distribution Networks
• Cache
• Sharding
• Consistent Hashing
• Storage
• Case Studies: URL Shortener, Instagram, Uber, Twitter, Messaging/Chat Services

Batch Processing Systems

• Inverted Index
• External Sort Merge
• K-way External Sort-Merge
• Distributed File System
• Map-reduce Framework
• Distributed Sorting
• Case Studies: Search Engine, Graph Processor, Typeahead Suggestions, Recommendation Systems

Linux and Networking

• Memory management in Linux: Deep dive into physical and virtual memory. How kernel interacts with memory? What happens in case of page fault? How to deal with dirty pages?
• Handling memory issues:
• Getting alerted on DIMM chip failures
• Keeping track of used memory
• Preparing for OOM events
• Getting alerted on memory issues 
• Discussion on critical interview questions:
• What is thrashing?
• What kind of memory pages will thrash depending on whether you have swap enabled or not?
• How do you tell if a host is computationally-bound or I/O bound?
• Deep dive into CPU and processes: Metrics to track CPU performance. Why disk I/O is important?
• Crack bash scripting questions: Learn pro tips and trick questions
• Get efficient with command line: Pro tips on pipes, Tmux, nc, and file redirection  

Containers and Orchestration

• Comprehensive coverage of Docker and Kubernetes architecture: Learn how to perform a live upgrade of an application with zero downtime
• Deep dive into k8s: Horizontal Scaling, Load Balancing, Crash Protection, Tiered Networking, Resource Control, and Optimization and Security
• How to approach common interview questions such as:
• Usage of Docker volume for persisting data
• How to evaluate systems’ tolerance for failures/outages?
• What are the different techniques to scale a relational database?
• Application deployment: Local vs. Managed k8s 
• Kubernetes patterns for designing web applications: Sidecar pattern, Ambassador pattern, etc.
• Important questions and pro tips on troubleshooting Kubernetes
• How to set customer expectations? Deep dive into Service-Level Objectives and Service-Level Indicators

Deployment & Configuration Management

• A top-down view of modern software release: In-depth understanding of how CI/CD works (Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment). How automation helps achieve CI/CD?
• Deep dive into Jenkins: Installation and configuration, Jenkins Plugins, Blue Ocean & Jenkinsfile, and managing and scaling Jenkins 
• Comprehensive coverage of critical interview questions:
• Jenkins user authentication and security measures?
• What happens when the underlying node of a particular job is offline? 
• Best practices and pro tips in Jenkins node allocation
• How to design a system responsible for continuous integration and deployment?
• Comprehensive coverage of configuration management: Compare different tools available in the market, their advantages and features 
• Infrastructure as code: Why, when, how?

Non-Abstract Large System Design

• How to design large-scale distributed systems like Google Adwords. Deep dive into the architecture, building blocks of scalable systems, scalability, and reliability
• Interesting follow-up questions on the fundamentals of modern software systems: Servers, agents, load balancer, Storage, indexer, consensus, pipeline, queues, sharding, replication, caching, batching, and scatter-gather
• Deep-dive discussion of SRE-specific interview questions:
• How do SLOs (service-level objectives) impact designs?
• How to do capacity estimates?
• How to design for fault tolerance?

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